Sunday, March 8, 2026

Apu Ceto: Gifted of Grace

TODAY, MARCH 9, marks the 89th birthday of Archbishop Emeritus Paciano B. Aniceto. It has also been 12 years since Apu Ceto was succeeded as prelate of the Archdiocese of San Fernando, two years after reaching the mandatory age of retirement at 75.

Retired – we wrote here at that time – only from the administration of the archdiocese but not, never, from being the shepherd to his flock which he shall carry all his life. And, in the divine order of things, up until the life beyond, in the company of the elect basking in the glory of the Lord.

And indeed, he is as active, as involved, as committed as ever in his labors in the Lord’s vineyard everywhere, as though nothing has changed, in his status – for lack of a word – dispensing the gifts of his priestly faculties, sharing the gift of grace with his flock.

Correspondingly the outpouring of gratitude, praise, and reverence that came in the wake of his retirement continues to this day, ever growing that one feels some beatification process has commenced for the cause of Apu Ceto.   

Apu Ceto will be the first to dismiss even the slightest whiff of saintliness ascribed to him. Just an everyday human being trying to live up to his calling, he would rather be deemed, humbling himself as one “malating talasuyu.”

It is precisely though that “littleness,” that “trying to live up to his calling” that have – in the eyes of his flock – elevated Apu Ceto over and above their everyday pastors, and enshrined him in their hearts. Precisely as the Good Book says of those who humble themselves.

By transcending all socio-economic classes, embraced as much by the perfumed set as by the sweating massesApu Ceto is in a class all his own, unwavering though in his steadfastness to the Church’s preferential option for the poor. His mission most focused on “the last, the least, and the lost” in human society. Again, the Good Book on the blessed who shall have the kingdom of heaven, who shall inherit the earth.    

If there is anybody that literally graces any and all occasion s/he comes to, it is Apu Ceto, with his abundance of such sanctifying gift. So much abundance that urban legend has it: Apu Ceto administering the sacrament of extreme unction warrants an instant visa to heaven, that whomever he served the viaticum passes on blissfully through the pearly gates. The peace, serenity and joy as they lay in state – those he anointed proximate to death – a testament to the potency of Apu Ceto’s gift of grace. 

Less human instinct than spiritual rush for the living to reach out to, to touch Apu Ceto, and be imbued with his grace. This I personally witnessed as much in the Pampanga parishes as in the different churches in San Francisco and Los Angeles, in his three pastoral visits from the 2000 to 2004.

And not only Kapampangans and other Filipino regional groups, but even Latinos, African-Americans and whites were wont to circle about him after each Mass seeking his blessing, kissing his hand, embracing him, taking photographs with him, not a few of these framed and found spots in their altars and family shrines at home.

So, I already sound like the postulator for the cause of sainthood of Apu Ceto when he had only retired, and still very much alive. So be it, his most enthusiastic apologist I may serve, but I offer no apologies.

Touched by his grace, the day I entered Mater Boni Consilii Seminary, prayerfully hoping to be a priest. 

Unabandoned by him, in the darkest period of my apostasy, when the trinity of Marx-Lenin-Mao obliterated all faith in the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.  

Converted by his holiness – he did a Maximilian Kolbe, albeit of less-than-fatal proportion, when he signed my custody papers, offering himself in my stead at the Camp Olivas stockade, if ever I rejoined the movement. This in the earliest – and thus, most terrifying – days of Martial Law.

By his grace, I am alive and have become – for better – what I am now. As with countless others, not only in Pampanga but in the other dioceses he served, aye, every one whose life he has had even the slightest touch.

Apu Ceto is his own message. Messenger and message fused into one. It is from that oneness that emanates Apu Ceto’s charisma – in its true essence of grace endowed upon a person owing to his privileged position with the Divine, to paraphrase the sociologist Max Webber.

Apu Ceto is that good sermon we see, we feel, and – prayerfully – we live. 

(Snatches from previous Zona pieces dating from 2014, updated for our beloved Apu Ceto’s 89th birthday, 9 March 2026)

 

 

Thursday, March 5, 2026

The vindication of Delfin Lee

Delfin Lee fields questions during presscon at Prestige, Xevera-Mabalacat on March 5, 2026. Author behind him serving as moderator. 

AS MUCH for Delfin Lee as for the thousands of homeowners in his Xevera developments in Bacolor, Pampanga and Mabalacat City who have kept faith in him is Lee’s full vindication that came with RTC Branch 41 Judge Joel C. Bantasan granting on Feb. 25 the demurrer to evidence that effectively acquitted Lee and four other co-accused of the crime of estafa.

The case stemmed from alleged use of “ghost borrowers” to get ₱6.6 billion housing loans from the Home Development Mutual Fund, or Pag-IBIG fund, from 2008 to 2011. For which Lee was arrested in 2014 and detained at the Pampanga Provincial Jail for four years and a half before allowed to post bail by the Supreme Court in 2018. 



Lee's homecoming after SC ordered his release from jail in September 2018. 

In a 7-5 vote with two abstentions, the High Court dismissed the petition filed in 2014 by the Department of Justice and Home Development Mutual Fund (Pag-IBIG Fund) seeking the reversal of a Pampanga Regional Trial Court (RTC) ruling in 2013. It also lifted the temporary restraining order it issued in March 2014 that prevented Lee’s release from the jail as ordered by the Court of Appeals.

In November 2013, the CA ordered the Pampanga RTC to terminate the trial of the charges against Lee and recall the arrest warrant against him. But the DOJ and Pag-IBIG filed a temporary restraining order with the SC preventing the CA ruling from being implemented.

That it took all of 12 years – over four in detention – before this acquittal bemoans that travesty of justice delivery gone so trite it has become a truism. That Lee was even taken to court, much less jailed, is even the greater tragedy.

For, everything about Delfin Lee was all too grand in goodness to warrant even an iota of wrongdoing, more so a syndicated estafa scheme. Indeed, everything about Delfin Lee was celebratory in those times, as chronicled in the local media, to wit:  

AUGUST 2008. “Xevera is the best thing that happened to Bacolor, getting richer not just in terms of income but pride and honor as well. This project gives a chance to poor people to own their own houses at a very beautiful site.”

So lauded Mayor Romeo Dungca at the turnover ceremony of the Xevera housing project in Barangay Calibutbut presided over by Vice President Noli De Castro and Globe Asiatique’s Delfin Lee in the presence of Pag- IBIG president-CEO Atty. Miro Quimbo.

JANUARY 2009. “This is a phenomenon. I haven’t seen one quite like this in the whole country.”

Thus, said Oriental Mindoro Rep. Rodolfo Valencia, chair of the House of Representatives committee on housing and urban development, as he toured the Xevera housing project in Barangay Tabun, Mabalacat.

“This (Xevera) should be imitated by other developers,” said Valencia, who himself is in the real estate business.

JANUARY 2009. “Bili na kayo. P5,000 lang a month at walang down payment.”

A jovial President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo called out as she inspected three townhouses at the P6-billion Xevera housing project in Barangay Tabun. She first graced the Lakas-CMD caucus at Holiday Inn Resort-Clark before proceeding to the new P70-million Mabalacat town hall donated by Xevera developer Delfin Lee of Globe Asiatique.

“They’re beautiful and affordable,” Arroyo told Lee and Subic Clark Alliance for Development Council (SCADC) chairman Sec. Edgardo Pamintuan as they went inside the two-storey houses costing about P5,000 a month through Pag-IBIG funds.

“Ah, simbahan ya pala (oh, it’s a church),” said the beaming President as she took notice of the Sanctuario de San Angelo.

Arroyo, wearing a red dress, witnessed Mayor Marino “Boking” Morales hand over to Lee a resolution making him “adopted son of Mabalacat for his immense contribution to the development of the first-class municipality.”

APRIL 2009. SCADC chairman Pamintuan described Lee as “a silent developer, unassuming and self-effacing.” He added that as a friend, “Lee won’t forget you.”

Deng Pangilinan, two-time president of the Pampanga Press Club, said Lee is a “decent man who has genuine heart for the poor.”

“It’s a dream come true for the press to have houses of their own. It took a private individual to make that possible,” said Pangilinan.

MAY 2009. Education Secretary Jesli Lapus led the turnover of the P100-million integrated school at Xevera-Mabalacat, bolstering this town’s commitment to provide free quality education.

Lapus, Xevera Developer Delfin Lee, ABS-CBN executive Gina Lopez and other regional Department of Education officials signed the deed of donation for the school named after Asuncion Lee, mother of Delfin.

Lapus expressed elation over the “beautiful school,” saying as if “you are in California when you are in Xevera.”

JUNE 2009. A housing subdivision recently cited by the United Nations and government officials for plotting the template of urban development in the country, was once again mentioned as the number one factor in the 92% growth rate of the housing loan takeout of Pag-IBIG Fund in Northern and Central Luzon.

“It’s unprecedented,” said newly appointed Pag-IBIG Fund CEO Jaime Fabiaña during an interview with journalists at the Developers’ Forum of the Pag-IBIG Fund Home Development Mutual Fund held at the Holiday Land function hall in the City of San Fernando.

Fabiaña, who gave the opening remarks during the forum, said the Xevera housing projects in Bacolor and Mabalacat in Pampanga have greatly contributed to the rise in their housing loan takeout. “Saan ka makakakita ng subdivision na kumpleto?” Mayroon nang eskuwelahan, munisipyo, palengke at iba pa.”

The Pag-IBIG CEO went on to praise Xevera for a having a “buyback” program of five years instead of only two years. He explained that Xevera is classified under window number one where processing is done much less because of its proven track record and reputation.

OCTOBER 2015. Even in jail, Delfin Lee was never wanting in laudations for the good that he has done.

“Delfin Lee is the greatest miracle that has ever happened to my town. See how he transformed the howling wilderness of lahar that is Barangay Tabun, into the bustling, cosmopolitan community that is Xevera- Mabalacat,” hailed Mayor Boking Morales. “There is inherent goodness in his heart, so manifest in his willingness to invest, not only his material resources, but his very self in uplifting the dignity of his fellowmen, most especially the small people.’

 Pampanga 1st District Rep. Carmelo “Tarzan” Lazatin speaking: “If there is one person that can help uplift the lives of Filipinos by solving the problem of informal settlers in the country, that will be Delfin Lee.”

The scion of Pampanga’s landed gentry could only gush in admiration: “I am also a developer but with what Delfin Lee did to Xevera, he upped the ante, making it a difficult challenge for us to emulate.”

THEN, AS NOW, the question remains: Why did Delfin Lee ever land in jail?